These are the title of your paper, your name, the institution you are affiliated with, and the page header or the running head. The APA title page has a several elements in it. When using the APA format, all you have to remember is that your research paper should have four main parts, namely, the title page, the abstract page, the main body, and the references section. This format is used when doing research on any of the branches of social science which include, but are not limited to, sociology, anthropology, behavioral science, and history. The APA format of writing research papers is very simple.
The Crack-Up: Essays, Letters, and Notes. If, for instance, you took the quotation from an online source, such as a website or a database, you need to include an APA website citation,which looks like this:įitzgerald, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and thus there should be a corresponding APA book citation entry in your APA reference page:įitzgerald, F. The citation example happens to be a book, namely, The Crack-Up by F. … “The test of a first-rate intelligence, according to Fitzgerald (1945), is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still retain the ability to function.” …
The citation can also be written into a sentence, with the year of publication enclosed in parentheses, as with the following example: …Īs exemplified above, an in-text citation consists of the last name of the author and the year of publication enclosed within parentheses and inserted in the text at an appropriate point. … “The test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still retain the ability to function.” (Fitzgerald, 1945). The citation, including the year of publication, is enclosed within parentheses. As a rule, the first time you mention a particular source, you should cite it right away as part of the text. In-text citations refer to the references that appear within the body of the paper, including all the resources that you have quoted, summarized, or paraphrased.įor purposes of clarity, in-text citations are normally placed within or after sentences and paragraphs so to show readers what information is being quoted or paraphrased and whose information is being cited. Located at the end of your document, this page provides publication information for every source that you have cited. This page is an alphabetized list of all the sources that you have used in writing your essay. For every in-text citation that appears in the main body of your paper, there should be a corresponding citation entry in the APA reference page. This style requires both in-text citations and a corresponding APA reference page. APA citations have been adopted by many departments in psychology, criminology, nursing, medicine, economics, and business as the standard editorial style for documenting sources used in a research paper in many colleges and universities. And when you include the author’s name in your document, do not include it in the citation.APA citations are citations that are formatted according to the rules, guidelines, and stylistic conventions developed by the American Psychological Association, an organization of physicians and medical practitioners who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses and behavioral disorders, for use in its own publications, such as The American Journal of Psychiatry and The American Journal of Insanity. The important thing is that you always include the author’s name, the publication date, and when quoting directly, the page number. Here’s an example of a direct quote using the author's name in the narrative:Īs Christgau (2009) noted, “by second hearing its loveliness is almost literally haunting, an aural déjà vu” (p. To directly quote from written material that does not contain page numbers, provide readers with another way of locating the quoted passage (heading or section name, paragraph number, etc.) (author, year-of-publication, p. xxx) or (author, year-of-publication, pp. If you are quoting directly from the source, you will also need to include the page number. Mayfield (2009) noted that the theory was first popularized in the early post-war years. When you refer to the author by name in your paper, you can leave the author’s name out of the citation. Reading is best done in a well-lit area (Spence, 2003). Use in-text citations when you reference information from an outside source. The general format for APA in-text citations is:
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